Definition of Stack in Programming

A stack is an array or list structure of function calls and parameters used in modern computer programming and CPU architecture. Similar to a stack of plates at a buffet restaurant or cafeteria, elements in a stack are added or removed from the top of the stack, in a â€Å"last in first, first out† or LIFO order. The process of adding data to a stack is referred to as a â€Å"push,† while retrieving data from a stack is called a â€Å"pop.† This occurs at the top of the stack. A stack pointer indicates the extent of the stack, adjusting as elements are pushed or popped to a stack. When a function is called, the  address  of the next instruction is pushed onto the stack. When the function exits, the address is popped off the stack and execution continues at that address. Actions on the Stack There are other actions that can be performed on a stack depending on the programming environment. Peek: Allows the inspection of the topmost element on a stack without actually removing the element.Swap: Also referred to as â€Å"exchange,† the positions of the two top elements of the stack are swapped, the first element becoming the second and the second becoming the top.Duplicate: The topmost element is popped from the stack and then pushed back onto the stack twice, creating a duplicate of the original element.Rotate: Also referred to as â€Å"roll,† specifies the number of elements in a stack which are rotated in their order. For example, rotating the top four elements of a stack would move the topmost element into the fourth position while the next three elements move up one position. The stack is also known as Last In First Out (LIFO). Examples: In C and C, variables declared locally (or auto) are stored on the stack.

Current Market Conditions Competitive Analysis - 1506 Words

Current Market Conditions Competitive Analysis As a strategic planning group at Target, the group decided to develop a new product; a device similar to the MP3 player. This paper will discuss the results of the competitive market analysis and the products potential success after comparison to the primary competitors in the products market; Apple, Inc. It will also discuss a short history on Apple’s MP3 player, the factors that affect demand, supply, equilibrium prices in the market, and any issues or opportunities that would affect profitability. A Short History Apple Computer Company got its start in the early seventies when the two cofounders wanted to create a computer for every person. Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak got together and started creating one of the first personal computers. After CEO Steve Jobs was forced to leave the company and then return after ten years of working with other technical companies. In 1996, he made his return and they began to look into the music industry as there next big idea. In 2001, the IPod was born and it swept the music industry by storm. They had invented the new way to buy store and play music. The new way to digitally create, share, store, and play music was in the format of MP3. This format makes it very easy to store the music and play it back without any loss of the musical content. MP3 stands for MP is short for the Motion Pictures Experts Group (MPEG) and the 3 is for the layer that the music is written to. The IPod hasShow MoreRelatedCurrent Market Conditions: A Competitive Analysis1615 Words   |  6 PagesCurrent Market Conditions Competitive Analysis Competitor analysis is a tool used in marketing as well as strategic management whereby an assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of an organizations both current and potential competitors is done. 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Anatomy Test with Answers - 1496 Words

Page 429 #’s 1-7 1. List the three major parts of the brain and describe their locations. A. cerebrum- constitutes about 83% of its volume and consists of a pair of half-globes called the cerebral hemispheres. B. cerebellum- lies inferior to the cerebrum and occupies the posterior cranial fossa. C. brainstem- that which remains of the brain if the cerebrum and cerebellum are removed. 2. Gyrus- a wrinkle or fold in the cortex of the cerebrum or cerebellum. Sulcus- a groove in the surface of an organ; as in the cerebrum, the heart, or a bone. 3. Name the parts of the brainstem from caudal to rostral. Medulla oblongata, pons, midbrain, diencephalon 4. Name the three meninges from superficial to deep. Dura mater, arachnoid mater,†¦show more content†¦Less efficient signal conduction and synaptic transmission 28. Describe the neuroanatomical and behavioral changes seen in Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases. Alzheimer disease involves memory deficits, personality derangement, and loss of motor and cognitive skills. At the structurl level, it shows neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques in the cerebral tissue, a loss of cholinergic neurons, and a low level of acetycholine in affected areas of the brain. Parkinson disease results from degeneration of dopamine-releasing neurons of the midbrain substantia nigra and is characterized by involuntary muscle contractions and progressive difficulty in motor tasks such as walking and speech. Page 477 #’s 5 and 6 5. Explain why the sympathetic division is also called the thoracolumbar division even though its paravertebral ganglia extend all the way from the cervical to the sacral region. The sympathetic chain extends for the entire length of the vertebral column, from cervical to coccygeal, but it is directly attached to the spinal cord only at levels T1 through L2. 6. 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The Fight Against Drug Trafficking Essay - 1977 Words

There continues to be a struggle in the fight against drug trafficking from Mexico into the United States. Although measures have been put into place at the border, the profits made from the illicit drug trade in addition to the other illegal activities has made it difficult determining who has not been corrupted. Mexican presidents both past and present have taken to the military to try and eradicate the problem, but have been met with force. As a result of the cartel violence, the rising death toll has hit a staggering number. While the number itself is substantial, the manner used by these organizations to commit these acts of violence range from kidnappings, to decapitations and mass killings. Drug cartels have not stopped short of any means necessary to meet their goals and have even joined forces with once rival gangs to do so. This has led to further instability within the country. Programs in place are continuing to fund the joint efforts between the United States and Mexico in hopes of deterring the influence and destructive power of Mexican drug cartels. Mexico’s Drug Cartels With its weak judicial and police foundations as well as having close proximity to the world s largest consumer economy, has made Mexico the hub of one of the world s most sophisticated drug networks. (Lee, 2014) There are numerous drug trafficking organizations (DTOs) within Mexico that have continued to dominate the drug flow into the United States. Despite being inShow MoreRelatedPublic Policy Research Paper On Drugs Essay1711 Words   |  7 PagesPublic Policy Research Paper Drugs. They have entered our communities, our schools, our neighborhoods, our homes. For generations now they have been affecting our society; influencing politics, laws, wars, science, and the overall structure of society. 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It has been existed for many decades, but now it is expanding further due to the born of new drug trafficking organizations or cartels. The cartels fight against each other to win control or to open new trafficking routes into the United States, on their fights many innocent people die or disappear every day. Residents

Flying vs. Driving free essay sample

Flying vs. Driving Countless times a year, people wander from state to state and/or country to country for various reasons such as working, visiting loved ones, or maybe even searching for an escape from the norm. As obvious as this may sound, the complexity of traveling today has become quite the sight to behold. With the worlds revolutionary technology, commuting has been taken to a whole new level. Although there are many different forms of travel, the most popular are by boat, by train, by a plane thousands of feet in the air, and even the most common type, by automobile. These ypical methods all provide their own unique experiences for the traveler, and they all come with an ever Increasing label. Each of these travel methods has its own distinctive characteristics. Particularly, considering the two most common types, plane or automobile, people should consider their differences to have better travel experiences. We will write a custom essay sample on Flying vs. Driving or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Even though soaring through the air is less common than driving, flying is arguably the most effective means of getting from place to place. While travelers might run Into a couple familiar faces while flying, most likely they will be crowded nto small seats next to complete strangers. In some situations, they may end up securing a strong companionship with the person or people sitting next to them on the plane. This usually leads to having casual conversation for the duration of the flight. unfortunately, in other situations, a traveler may get stuck sitting next to the guy in a trench coat who he or she thought was a terrorist upon first glance at the airport! On the other hand, although driving may be a more time consuming process, this type of traveling provides time for more Interaction, as well as extra sights to see

Amadeus Essay free essay sample

Amadeus Is a affectionately account of the relationship between Mozart and Sellers. Mozart Is shown as an exceptional musicals considered today by some to be the greatest of all geniuses in his field having knocked out compositions for assorted solo instruments, opera and symphonic orchestras by the time he was thirty-five years old. Saltier was a talented composer and, had Mozart never lived, he albums might have been available for sale today. . The film Amadeus is fairly accurate although it exaggerates and oversimplifies and appears to take greatest arrant In the area which Is central to the film, the relationship between Mozart and Saltier. II. The relationships of both Mozart and Saltier to life, music and creativity shed some light on the questions raised with respect to the relationship between God and man, although at times that light is confusing and contradictory.Amadeus: Mozart and Salaries The genius Mozart and the frustrated Saltier and their turbulent relationship are the centerpieces of the film, but the setting of Vienna Itself at the hectic end of the eighteenth century Is also a character. Would reject him and choose another. He cannot believe Schaffer play is presented in a factual and artistic form that reveals the struggles, guilt and need for the redemption of mankind. Redemption connotes the deliverance of man from the enslavement of sin. Throughout the play, Saltier had been possessed by one driving desire, to serve God through music, but he struggled with the perception of the falsehood of Sod choosing another. He is in distress with his findings that the true voice of God seems to have emanated from his childhood. As a child, he made a pact with God vowing to give his life in exchange or fame.One of his greatest desires was to make beautiful music, in reverence to God. Thus, he believed Gods favor of Mozart ingenious caused him to become mute, and he decried the mediocrity of his writings. He felt the success off popular composer depends on his melody, but with his inability to speak, hed no longer be admonished. His music was Mitten to glorify God. When Saltier heard Mozart play, he was stirred with indignation and began to question Why did you give Mozart the talent? He confesses that through Mozart music, he Niches he Nas as good a musician.Thus, he begins to question the value of his moral life and rejects God. Saltier believed Sod is one that makes bargains and one that will take a bargain back. He revolted against God and felt betrayal. Individuals are held responsible for the gifts and talents of God. Saltier had been entrusted with the gifts of God for a season. Unknowing, All are equal in the sight of and he will rain on the unjust as well as the Just. God is the giver of all gifts and there is Iranian. The attitude you embrace in life, determines your level of success and well being.However, without the right knowledge of God, we cant receive from Him or experience the overflow of His blessings. God will give grace to the humble and resist the proud. All should strive to posses the virtue of humility. Throughout the play Saltier masquerades as Mozart colleague, while at the same time he makes an oath to do all in his power to destroy his success. In this scene, Saltier presents a dramatic argument of play that suggests the idea to murder Mozart. He had thoughts to know how it would feel to kill Ownerships and idealized the brilliance of Mozart.He wanted to confess his inner feelings with ask for forgiveness. Mozart did not have a personal relationship with God, but he created images of love, Joy, forgiveness and reconciliation. He felt, people make mistakes who think my art has come easily to me. Nobody has devoted so much time and thought to composition as l. There is not a famous master whose music I have not studied over and over. In closing, God does not have respect of person. He gives diversities of gifts several as he chooses to individuals for his glory. Jealousy can be cruel and deceptive. We should not Ant to see others suffer for us to be great.