Senate Essay -- American History, The Confederation Congress

The Confederation Congress was plagued with problems, as the former colonies struggled to form a national identity. The lack of permanent physical location and united national government, led to problems of inaction, following the Revolutionary war. â€Å"Congress’s lack of power and frequent inability to act (often due to a lack of quorum or the need for a supermajority for certain decisions) demanded reform† (Wirls, p. 58). The founders agreed on the need for reform, opposing groups argued about the nature. Federalists argued for a strong national government, with few representatives, removed the day to day local political affairs. They desired a group of political elites, free to make decisions based on national interests. In order to promote an independent nature within the senate, Federalists advocated long terms, some advocating lifetime appointments. The anti-Federalists rejected the idea of permanent elite, instead promoting large numbers of repre sentatives, with small groups of political constituents. Rather than the crà ¨me de la crà ¨me of society, anti-Federalists envisioned a kaleidoscope; representatives would personally reflect the interests of constituents. During the final constitutional plan for the U.S. Senate, a compromise was reached; anti-Federalist views were incorporated through the equal apportionment and appointment by states, Federalists insured independence in the senate by instituting staggered six year terms. Compromise between the Federalist and anti-Federalist was reached through a series of decisions, in no small part assisted by the fact that those against strengthening the Federal government were not present, â€Å"the formidable talents who were opposed to the project of fortifying the... ...emate concerning the national congress. With the rights of small states protected through equal representation in the senate, the convention was able to move forward in forming a strong national government with responsibilities and rights separate from the states. Federalists were able to protect the independence of the senate, through staggered six year terms and more stringent eligibility requirements than those for the House of Representatives. The eventual formation of a separate national capital insured the both physically as well as psychologically desired independence of the senate and congress. The members of both sides present shared a mutual understanding of the need for a senate in a stronger national system. The decisions which lead to the compromise resulted in the creation of a senate which included both Federalist and anti-Federalist views.

A Study About German Architecture Essay

My German ascendants are believed to hold come from the northwesterly part of Germany perchance around the metropolis of Hamburg. The metropolis of Hamburg was a major port in the early 1900s and was home to transporting to Africa, East Asia, South America and India. After the desolation of World War 1 on the state, Hamburg lost many of its trade paths and its booming economic system slowed with the remainder of Germany. This made the former extremely popular trade port now a port to the new universe. It is believed that my ascendants came from this country around the clip that the war had ended. I believe they came to the United States in hopes of freedom and a new manner of life. The clime in Hamburg is really mild, in its warmest months of June, July, and August the mean temperature is 70 grades Fahrenheit, while in the coldest months of December, January, and February the norm is 30 grades Fahrenheit. Hamburg is located in the southmost portion of the Jutland peninsula on the Alb e River. Although in their pure signifier hunting and assemblage, every bit good as gardening and pastoralism are non subsistent schemes of today in the German civilization, thoughts from each are used in a more modern manner when it comes to the states usage of agribusiness. Though agribusiness is non the largest subsistence scheme ( about 5 % of labourers work in agricultural ) there is said to be every bit much as 53 % of land in Germany used for agricultural intents. There is about 15 % of pastoral land used for cowss, hogs, domestic fowl and some sheep. Much of the dairy land is found in the southern part of Germany, hogs and cowss are frequently grazing land in the mountain parts. To bring forth the nutrient, milk, and wool these domesticated animate beings provide there are many engineerings used today which were non originally portion of pastoralism. These many types of engineerings used in cultivating animate beings include: a type of fence or lodging to maintain the animate beings c losely confined ( henhouses for poulets ) , machines to assist bring forth and milk the cattles, automatic eating systems are sometimes used to feed the animate beings, round bailer for hay, nutrient bins or silos to hive away nutrients such as grain and hay, unreal insemination kits are used to increase the quality of construct and increase the construct rate, shearing tools are used to acquire the wool off of the sheep, Canis familiariss are besides frequently used to heard the sheep. The division of labour in cultivating these animate beings has shifted over clip from labour intensive and human powered, to more of a technologically goaded system that includes machinery and other powered equipment. Human labour is still needed but non in the capacity as it was in old old ages, human accomplishment is besides a chief portion of the division of labour. A Shearer is needed to clean the sheep of its wool, veterinaries to give shootings and assist maintain the animate beings healthy, e very bit good as trained persons who know how to properly tally and set the powered equipment. Horticultural merchandises that are produced in Germany are dependent on the part of the state where they are adult, as the terrains vary. In the northern part and parts of eastern Germany you will happen merchandises such as sugar Beta vulgariss and cereals ( grain corn and corn-cob mix ) which make up about 56 % of the cultivable land. 17 % of this cultivable land is inhabited by eatage harvests, largely in parts where population is scarce. Industrial harvests such as oil-rich seeds, hops, baccy, herbs, and spice workss are produced on about 15 % of this cultivable land. Approximately 12 % of the cultivable land is fallow or produces root harvests such as carrots and yams. Vegetables and fruits such as grapes used to do vino compile around 1 % of the cultivable land and are found in the hills of the many coastal river metropoliss that are really common in Germany ; most of which prevarication on the Rhine and the Mecca rivers. There are many agricultural engineerings used to acquir e the most out of these harvests with every bit small aid from the human manus as possible. Large machines such as combines, tractors, harvest plantation owners and ploughs allow for the usage of a few human custodies and supply the ability to reap many acres.A Irrigation systems are used to assist the harvests grow and are frequently set up in Fieldss like overhanging sprinkler systems, fertiliser is used to maintain the dirt rich and is modernly used in liquid signifier and is by and large held in a armored combat vehicle that is attached to either a tractor or harvest plantation owner, seeders which are used to works the harvests, there is besides other cultivated land and reaping equipment available for usage. The division of labour is separated by physical labourers who rely on human power to make things such as picking stones and puting up irrigation systems to trained workers who operate the heavy machinery. Most of the farms where this takes topographic point are household o wned and run on less than 150 estates. More than 75 % of the land used to cultivate harvests and animate beings in Germany is found in the western part, this land allows for the state to provide themselves with about 80 % of their one-year nutrient demands. Germany is one of Europe ‘s top industrial powers and is besides Europe ‘s prima exporter of vehicles, chemicals and machinery. Its strongest industrial countries are vehicles, chemicals, machinery, machine tools, steel, Fe, coal, and a certain drink – beer. Top companies in the German auto industry include BMW, Audi, Porsche, Mercedes, and Volkswagen. These companies help Germany remain near the top of the universe ‘s automotive industry. The fabrication of these autos is done in assembly and production mills where the usage of machinery, robotics, every bit good as human accomplishment and labour are the chief divisions of engineering and the assembly line is the most common signifier of production. The division of labour in the automotive industry includes extremely educated and skilled workers who work in the assembly workss as the applied scientists and directors. There is besides pay labourers, most of which work straight on the line bring forthing part s that help set your auto together from its engine constituents, to axles, to organic structure casting. Other pay labourers include those who adhere windscreens, install Windowss, tyres and other pieces that when set together do up your German car. The electronic revolution is really prevailing in Germany and much like the United States and the remainder of the universe is tilting towards the usage of information engineering to garner information of many different topics. These information engineerings include things such as banking where you can put up direct sedimentation with your employer every bit good as keep path of your personal fiscal history information and touristry which allows you to do travel programs without the usage of an agent. Other information engineerings include transit, instruction, gas pumps, and the largest of all communicating by manner of the cellular phone. Cell phones allow people to pass on from any location at any clip of the twenty-four hours, they are besides now frequently used as nomadic computing machines which merely increases their convenience. For these nomadic communicating devices to work decently engineerings include computing machine hardware and package to pull off the different cell phone histories, every bit good as towers and orbiters to supply a signal and frequence for these phones to be expeditiously used. The division of labour includes IT people, who create and maintain web sites and computing machine scheduling, physical labourers who are used to put up the towers and do other necessary field work, every bit good as directors who run the twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours retail operations and gross revenues people who sell the phones and supply information to accepting people a companies. The German political system is a centralised system which means people yield their sovereignty to this centralised authorities by following regulations and Torahs that have been laid out for the citizens to follow. Germanys Basic Law or Constitution divides the power of authorities into three subdivisions. They have a bicameral parliamentary legislative assembly which includes the federal council besides known as the Bundesrat, which holds 69 members, all of which are nominated by the province and the Bundestag ( federal assembly ) which has over 600 members who are elected by popular ballot to a four twelvemonth term. The executive subdivision is made up of the President ( head of province ) and Chancellor ( caput of authorities ) . The president is elected to a five twelvemonth term by the federal assembly and an equal figure of delegates from each province parliament, while the Chancellor is elected to a four twelvemonth term by the federal assembly. The Federal Constitutional Cou rt is elected every bit by both the Bundestag and Bundesrat and do up their judicial subdivision of authorities. Germany uses negative reciprocality when it comes to their informal economic and personal manner of interchanging goods and services. This means that the individual who is supplying the good or service is gaining from the dealing more so than the receiving system or purchaser. Economic exchange comes in the signifier of market exchange where there is a excess of goods that are sold for a net income and is based on the degrees of supply and demand. Germany is officially based on the economic system of capitalist economy, which promotes economic growing. Capitalism is when goods, services, labour, and resources are sold off for a net income at market where benefits travel to both the buyer and provider, even though the provider is gaining the most. The dislocation of economic sectors in Germany include 72 % third or service, about 27 % secondary or fabrication, while merely about 1 % is primary or the extraction of natural stuffs. The GDP per capita fell from $ 35,900 in 2008 to $ 34,200 in 2009, while the unemployment rate rose from 7.8 & A ; in 2008 to 8.2 % in 2009, demoing that the economic system was and still is experiencing the sick effects of the planetary economic state of affairs. There are many different faiths practiced freely in Germany under the basic jurisprudence and they all pattern monotheism which concludes they all believe in one supreme higher being. The figure one faith is Christianity with about 67 per centum who are chiefly located in southern and eastern Germany. The figure two faith is Islam at around 4 per centum, most of whom are immigrants from Turkey. The remainder of the spiritual sector is made up of largely Buddhism and Judaism. There is besides a strong population of Germans who believe there is no God and pattern Atheism. Though most of the people in Germany do non go to church on a regular footing most still recognize spiritual ceremonials such as vacations, baptisms, matrimonies, and funerals. Some spiritual vacations include Good Friday, Easter Monday, Fronleichnam ( 60 yearss after Easter ) , and Weihnachten ( German name for Christmas ) . Though faith is practiced freely there are Torahs in topographic point that revenue enhanceme nt members of their several churches to assist fund any and all church related disbursals. This revenue enhancement can either be collected by the community the church is in or the province. If you are non portion of a church that collects these revenue enhancements so you merely do non hold to pay the church revenue enhancement. Marriage in Germany is typical to that of the United States as people are free to take who they marry which is known as love lucifer, while the type of matrimony practiced is a monogynist one, intending there is merely one partner. Their post-marital abode is neolocal, this is when the honeymooners get their ain place outside of the bride or grooms abode. Descent in Germany is unilineal, intending that affinity can be traced through either the female parent ‘s or father ‘s line. Germans refer to kin fundamentally the same manner that we do in the United States though distant relations such as 2nd cousins or great uncles have no specific differentiation. Kinship is of import to the German people and is shown most during vacations, household assemblages, and other of import parts in a individual ‘s life. The in-between category is the most prevailing societal category at about 54 per centum of the population, though there has been much noted to the fact that this cate gory is and has been acquiring smaller over the past old ages. Cultural groups in Germany consist chiefly of Germans at around 92 per centum, while 2.4 per centum are of Turkish descent, while the other class consists chiefly of Greek, Italian, Russian, Polish, and Spanish at about 6 per centum. Though adult females in Germany do hold equal rights they are still strongly leaned upon for childrearing patterns every bit good as twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours household responsibilities. Watching the picture â€Å" Romantic Germany † every bit good as questioning person who really lived in Germany truly helped me to better understand the civilization in which they live. Most big metropoliss every bit good as tourer finishs are located on one of the major waterways that flow through this state. Outside, in the hills of these metropoliss is where you will happen many household owned vineries every bit good as smaller pastoralist farms that house animate beings such as cowss and sheep. Lake Constance, the biggest lake in Germany is one of the most popular recreational and tourer finishs in Europe. It is located on the Rhine in the northern part of the Alps and is surrounded by neighbouring states Switzerland and Austria, there are besides many dumbly populated metropoliss along the seashore of this lake and you will most likely discovery farm animal graze in the hills of these metropoliss. One of the state ‘s most celebrated and recognizable festivals is Oktoberfest the universe ‘s largest just held every twelvemonth in Munich which consists of some 6 million participants in its 16 – 18 twenty-four hours entireness. The festival is known for its great nutrient, music, carnival drives, and beer imbibing. The chief athletics in Germany is soccer and you will ever hold an chance to take part as the state is home to over 1,000 club squads. Other popular athleticss in Germany include bobsleighing, luge, and skeleton partially because they are the lone state in the universe to hold four paths for each athletics. Other popular recreational activities include biking and boosting through the countryside. Germany ‘s most celebrated professional jocks include Boris Becker and Steffi Graf, both of which are former expansive sweep winning tennis participants along with former expression one universe title-holder Michael Schumacher. Bernard Langer is a erstw hile Masterss golf title-holder and former universe figure one golf player. Presently the most popular German jock executing in an American athleticss conference is former MVP and power forward for the Dallas Mavericks Dirk Nowitzki.

Physical And Emotional Benefits Of Physical Activity

Despite the physical and emotional benefits of moderate physical activity, most Americans are not getting enough exercise to sustain healthy behavior and reduce their risks of illness. A lack of physical activity has been shown to be a risk factor for several conditions. Less active people tend to have a higher risk of cardiovascular disease, high blood pressure, as well as feelings of anxiety and depression (Johns Hopkins Medicine, 2015). Studies have shown the physically inactive people have an increased risk of colon and breast cancer. One study showed a 40% decrease in cancer mortality in people who were physically active. Physical activity also prevents insulin resistance which is the underlying cause of type 2 diabetes. A lack of physical activity increases the loss of lean muscle tissue which in turn makes activities of dialing living such as dressing and bathing or even grocery shopping, much more difficult to perform. As we age out bones lose some strength and like mu scles, require exercise to maintain their mineral content and strength. Being physically active also helps keep one’s immune system which helps ward off various illnesses and diseases (Rimmer, 2015). Effects of Fitness on Cardiovascular Health Other Metabolic Diseases Physical inactivity is a major risk factor for the development of obesity and other cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD). Vascular endothelial dysfunction is a key event in the development of CVD and is associated with aShow MoreRelatedThe Social-Emotional, Cognitive and Physical Benefits of Physical Activity1153 Words   |  5 PagesThe social-emotional, cognitive and physical benefits of physical activity During childhood our body and mind changes very fast. I believe that nowadays parents focus more on the brain developement of their children than their physical activity. When I was a little girl - over 20 years ago - we spent most of our time outside playing, running and enjoying fresh air and being in movement. Physical activity of children can secure them health and well being in their adulthood as well as teachRead MoreIdentifying And Understanding The Factors That Shape Health1636 Words   |  7 Pageslife expectancy. Ideally, the element of social support has been thought to offer a potential pathway for the promotion of health among the aged adults. Fundamentally, social support is one of the most essential factors in predicting the emotional wellbeing and physical health of everyone. Too often, the presence of social support shows some advantages among the impacted individuals, especially among the aged adults (Landau Litwin, 2001). Knowing that there are family members, re latives, and friendsRead MorePeople in Rural Areas Experience Better Health Than Those in Urban Areas770 Words   |  4 PagesPeople in rural areas experience better health than those in urban areas. Compare and contrast the social constructs of these populations. The people living in urban and rural areas have varying social constructs for health and physical activity. This is due to the different social circumstances of the community and the location of which they live in. People living in rural areas- living in a characteristic of farming or country life, in comparison to urban dwellers- Of or belonging to a cityRead MoreEssay on Healthy Living591 Words   |  3 Pages Health is described as physical and mental well-being and freedom from disease, pain or defect. However, such descriptions only superficially define the actual meaning of health. 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Children develop emotional and social benefits from participating in sports. Children experience character and leadership development through peer relations leading to an increase in self-esteem and a decrease in anxiety levels. Children will get opportunities to experience positive and negative emotions throughout their practice and games trials. It is important for the coach to understand the â€Å"psychology of youth sports and physical activity participation† (Weinberg Gould, 201 1Read MoreImproving Sports At School Time1566 Words   |  7 Pagesfor their children than paying attention to the importance of physical education. Even public schools do not allocate enough time for kids to practice sports as much as they do for class-based education. In fact, physical activity for children is not only about pleasure time. Rather, it helps grown-up children to extend their capacity to grasp concepts explained in their classes. Children who are active while doing physical activity are expected to be active at class time. Thus, encouraging sportsRead MoreExercise for Optimal Emotional Health651 Words   |  3 Pagesfor Optimal Emotional Health People who are emotionally healthy are more efficient in controlling their behavior and emotions. This makes it easier for them to take on life’s daily challenges with strength and resilience, without experiencing depression and emotional breakdown. Lifestyle changes are essential in keeping the balance in our emotional health and it includes healthy eating, exercise and focusing on positive mindset. Regular exercise is not only essential for physical health, it canRead MoreThe Positive Benefits Of Human Animal Bond1278 Words   |  6 PagesIn writing my final reflection assignment, I chose to conduct my research on the many positive benefits that a human-animal relationship has on a person’s emotional, physiological and even physical wellness across the lifespan, in this paper I will discuss a review of the literature regarding my chosen topic and how this information will impact my life. I chose to conduct further research on the importance of the human-animal relati onship, because according to our class readings, interactions withRead MoreThe Importance of Physical Activity Essay1545 Words   |  7 PagesThe teaching profession plays a fundamental role in educating children. Some of which include physical activity Teachers engage in many roles in student’s learning, some of which are more challenging and important than others and all which contribute to a child’s development. The process of childhood development is dynamic, recognised by various fields including the influential society, inherited characteristics through genetics, and the psychological behaviour of the child. These fields all play

The Work of Walt Disney Essay - 1948 Words

Walt Disney: From Failure to Household Name â€Å"I only hope we dont lose sight of one thing- that it was all started by a mouse† - Walt Disney (Walt Disney). Who is that mouse that started it all? Mickey Mouse, that is who started it all. What did he start? He started the success of Walt Disney, his creator. Walt Disney can often be compared to some of the most successful industrialists due to him entertaining an unlimited number of people and for being one of the best people that could sell their hard work (Crowther). The greatest thing he did in his career was bringing his own imagination to animation (Finch 127). Walt Disney overcame failure by creating Mickey Mouse, starting the Walt Disney Company, and creating the legendary Disney†¦show more content†¦Mickey made Odom Disneys name known all around the world. Mickey and other characters were in North American and European comic books after World War II ended in 1945 (Spurgeon). This proved that Disneys famous characters were still well received after a disastrous war. Mickey Mouse appeared later on in the popular 1955 childrens show The Mickey Mouse Club until it ended in 1959 (Spurgeon). Walt Disney could clearly achieve success in the animation industry and the television industry. Mickey Mouse continued to succeed after Walt Disneys death in 1966. Disneys show The Mickey Mouse Club had two later version in 1977 through 1978 and from 1989 to 1995 (Spurgeon). Walt Disney was able to create a television show that lasted after its original run. The Disney Company has continued to distribute items that Mickey appears on (Spurgeon). Mickey has also become the corporate symbol of the Disney Company (Maltin 49). Disney was able to create a character that could achieve success on its own and help his com pany. To many, Mickey is the most favored and famous cartoon character (Spurgeon). 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When Walt was 23 years old, he and his sweetheart, LillyRead MoreWalt Disney : King Of Animation1619 Words   |  7 PagesWalt Disney: King of Animation â€Å"If you can dream it, you can do it† and that is exactly what Walt Disney did (beginnings).These words meant that Walt Disney visioned the world in ways many did not. He created and founded many well known landmarks, movies, and animations. Walt Disney’s creative talents as an artist led him to invent sound animation and later become an entrepreneur of the first wide-scaled theme park. Walt Disney, born in Chicago, Illinois, on December 5, 1901, was the child of EliasRead MoreAnalysis Of Walt Disneyssnow White 1716 Words   |  7 Pagescompanies in animation is called Walt Disney. This entertainment and media company is situated in almost all continents, excluding Oceania. 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Walter Elias Disney and his brother Roy founded The Walt Disney Company onRead MoreEssay about Organizational Culture in Walt Disney Corporation1677 Words   |  7 PagesBUS 100W 10/24/12 Walt Disney: Organizational Culture Disney as a company first started as an animated film industry in October 16th, 1932. They were originator of the infamous cartoon Mickey Mouse that put them on the market. From then on Walt Disney became one of the biggest animated film companies. Through the years Walt Disney developed a theme of â€Å"to bring happiness to all† through â€Å"magic† and Disney’s team of creative and innovative people would continue Walt Disney Company as it is todayRead MoreWalt Disney-Leader Essay example1494 Words   |  6 PagesLeader-Walt Disney Walt Disney is the prolific creator and leader of The Walt Disney Company. Disney is most recognized for his gallant efforts which created the Disney empire, yet his leadership style is one that has melded into a company culture and a prescribed way of organizational leadership. Disney is a man of many words and accomplishments which has led the Disney organization to extensive success. Throughout his 43 year career in film and television, Disney was the personification ofRead MoreWhy Do Dreams Come True?1712 Words   |  7 Pagesknows the name â€Å"Disney†, but where does it come from? Who was the intelligent and imaginative person who had the desire and heart to create this entertainment empire? The man was Walt Disney. Through a long road of rewrites, rejections, and reconstructions, Disney created a new look for the entertainment in America. It all started with one little cartoon mouse, originally named Mortimer Mouse, but later changed to a more recognizable name of Mickey Mouse. 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World War I Red Cross Ambulance Corps II. Career Education Apprentice Cartoon Classes Jobs Paper Boy Film Ad Company Laugh-O-Gram Films, Inc. StudioRead MoreWalter Elias Disney Essay1290 Words   |  6 PagesWalter Elias Disney is a very famous animator, producer, director, screenwriter, entrepreneur, and voice actor. Walter Disney was born on December 5, 1901 and died on December 15, 1966. This man is very well-known to children from the ages five to sixteen. Every child in America watches Disney Channel on television. The parents to these children know that the shows on Disney Channel were made to entertain children like their own. Disney Channel is only one thing that has Walter Elias Disneys name

Paradaise Lost by John Milton and The Divine Comedy by...

INTRODUCTION It has been commonly accepted that John Milton is acquainted with Dante Alighieri who has a great influence on Milton’s epic Paradise Lost. The significance of The Divine Comedy for Milton lies especially in Dante’s Inferno and Purgatorio. Scholars1 have quoted plentiful echoes of Dante throughout Milton’s works, and have compared these two great poets for centuries. In the 19th century Mary Shelley employed a cluster of images and ideas from Milton’s Paradise Lost (especially from Book Ten) in Frankenstein -- the work that establishes the fame of Mary -- to forge her novelistic world of desire, deterioration, and desperation. Therefore, this novel has been studied many times for Miltonic echoes and influences. In†¦show more content†¦And the â€Å"iron cowls† are worn by the hypocrites in The Divine Comedy: Below that point we found a painted people, who moved about with lagging steps, in circles, weeping, with features tire and defeated. And they were dressed in cloaks with cowls so low they fell before their eye, of that same cut that’s used to make the clothes for Cluny’s monks. Outside, these cloaks were gilded and dazzled; but inside they were all of lead, so heavy that Frederick’s capes were straw compared to them. A tiring mantle for eternity!3 (CANTO XXIII, 58-67) Instead of being a retold story of Paradise Lost, Frankenstein, resonant with Dantean echoes, is in a sort of way, an infernal story portraying a modern Prometheus in a modern hell caused by mad science. Therefore, this essay, with a concentration on the image of Dante’s hell-fire, analyzes the significance and origin of this infernal flame burning from The Divine Comedy to Frankenstein. The first part generally makes an assay of the essence of fire in Dante’s Inferno. Then the second part minutely analyzes this forbidden hell-fire burning in the protagonists’ hearts which makes them lingering and suffering forever. At last, the third part generalizes and summarizes the fire of desire in this novel which further exhibits its Dantean echoes of hell-fire. THE HELL-FIRE IN THE DIVINE COMEDY Before starting their journey to Hell,

Eveline Analysis Free Essays

Ashley Carey ENC 1102 MW 12:30- 1:45 8/29/12 After reading â€Å"Eveline† by James Joyce I would say I was not overall shocked with the outcome of her not leaving. Throughout the story I could tell that Eveline was unsure of herself and of what she wanted. She couldn’t decide between running away to Buenos Aires with her lover, Frank or staying to make sure her family is looked after. We will write a custom essay sample on Eveline Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now I felt that her age is a significant factor of her choice of staying in Dublin. She didn’t understand herself enough because she didn’t experience life to see how she deals with difficult life changing situations. I felt like her choice shows herself to the audience. She could have chosen to go with Frank and come off to some readers as â€Å"following her heart†, maybe â€Å"selfish†, â€Å"thinking about her future and what she desires in life and in her heart†, â€Å"not caring for her family†. I personally feel like her decision to stay was a more â€Å"comfortable† decision for her and she wasn’t taking risks and was thinking about the love for her family and siblings and not wanting them to get hurt in anyway. If her mother hadn’t told her before she died to keep the home together as long as she could, I felt that Eveline would have ran away with Frank not feeling guilty when she left; That she didn’t do the one thing that her mother asked of her before her death. How to cite Eveline Analysis, Essay examples

Company Performance

Question: Consider a publicly listed company whose business performance has been criticised publicly and, using its annual report, reference documents about the company (e.g. analysts reports, in-depth interviews and articles, documents on companys website) and write a report about its governance protocols and practices. (This could include independence of directors, length of tenure of directors, other responsibilities of directors, etc.). Answer: Introduction This assignment is based on the subject area of corporate governance in the organization. During the assignment, the main focus is on the Noble Group and its corporate governance protocols and practices. The assignment covers the case study of Noble Group, which states about the scandal done by the higher authority of the company. This particular assignment follows a particular and systematic structure. In the beginning of the assignment, a short description of the background of the company is given and after that, the discussion is made on the criteria based on which the corporate governance of the company will be criticized. Next the critical review of the organizations governance is discussed and then the recommendations are provided for the future development of the companys corporate governance. At the end of the study a summarized conclusion is given based on the findings of the assignment. Brief description of the organization Noble Group is a Hong Kong based supply chain Management Company, which was founded in the year of 1986. Presently, the company is operating its business in more than 60 locations in Hong Kong and other countries. The core business strategy of the company is to provide the best service related to the movement of the physical commodities from the producer or manufacturers to the end customers and at the same time management of the operational and market risks (Aoki, 2013). The main strength of the company is the relationship with the customers and the producers of the products. However, in recent past, the company has faced an obligation of doing a scandal in which it has been obtained that the company has overstated its assets by billions of dollars. Due to this scandal, the company lost its rating in investment grade. An outline of the bases of criteria It has been stated above that the company Noble Group made a scandal in which it had overstated its assets by billions of dollars. This type of scandal of the company indicates that the corporate governance of the company was weak or in the other words it can be said that there were some faults in the corporate governance of the company. However, during study the corporate governance of the company that is Noble Group is critically analyzed on the basis of the three criteria and those are fair disclosure of the financial results, directors responsibilities and the accounting standards (Bhaduri and Selarka 2016). All of these three criteria are very important in order to determined whether the corporate governance of a company (here the Noble Group) is in proper structure or not and whether the corporate governance of the company is working properly or not. For example, the fair disclosure of the financial results of the company shows how much the corporate governance of the company is active in motivating the employees in fair disclosure to meet the transparence need of fair accounting. This also indicates the structural strength of the corporate governance of the company. On the other side, the directors responsibilities indicate how much the board of directors of the company is responsible towards their duties (Bhadur. and Selarka 2016). This helps to identify the actual flaws in the corporate governance structure of the company. In the same way, the accounting standard shows the extent to which the company has maintained the accounting rules and regulations provided by the regulatory body of the country or the regulatory body in the international market. Therefore, the critical analysis of the corporate governance of Noble Group based on these above-mentioned three criteria will provide the better result to understand the reasons behind the scandal (Bonnerjee and Ghosh 2014). Critical review of the organizations governance During the critical review of the controversies that the company created, some key concepts of corporate governance must be duly stressed on and studied. These key concepts help us to critically evaluate and compare in the lights of corporate governance and the Noble Group. The first concept that we study is fairness. According to this concept, the board of directors is obligated to treat their stakeholders fairly. This requires safeguarding the interests and stakes of the stakeholders. In the scandal that we study, we focus on overstating assets and other unfair practices. This definitely did not follow the first major concept. The next main concept that requires critical study of the corporate governance is independence. The board of directors is not advised to interfere in other areas of the organization. This was not the case with Noble Group as the board of directors was actively involved in different area of the companys operation as a mean to involve in fraudulent activities. The next concept of corporate governance is honesty. The board of directors is expected to discharge their duties in an honest way as they are responsible for managing and safeguarding the stakes of many stakeholders. The controversy of Noble Group depict the fact that the b oard of directors were involved in unfair and dishonest practices, which led to the controversy created by the company. The next concept that we refer to is integrity. This concept reflects on the fact that managers need to consider moral and ethical grounds before making any decision. This was not true and applicable in the case of Noble Group as they majorly involved in scrupulous and fraudulent practices that contravened every moral and ethical practices. Transparency is one of the key concepts of corporate governance. It can be seen that the board of directors are expected and obligated to make sure that the disclosure of material evidences are made in a timely and accurate way. The distortion and overstatement of assets by billions of dollars does not reflect the observance of this quality. Therefore, one can see that transparency was not at all present in the reporting standard and the financial statement of the company. The next concept that needs to be highlighted is accountability. The board of directors is accountable to the owners. Therefore, it needs to be seen that the controversy created by the board of directors is under the governance of the shareholders since they are directly accountable to shareholders (Bhadur. and Selarka 2016). The next concept that needs to be highlighted is the responsibility concept. This concept reflects on the fact that board of directors should ensure that the company works within the legal framework and legal aspects. However, on reviewing the case of Noble Group, we get to see that the company contravened accounting standards and guidelines and other legal rules during the scandal it created. The Iceberg research depicted the failure of the company to observe the accountability and responsibility principle and concept of corporate governance. It can be viewed that the Noble Group comprises of many stakeholders in the form of shareholders, bondholders, supplier and banks who had a lot of stake in the company. A lot of investment and money were tied up with the company. Therefore, they had a lot of questions to ask the company and they were in their rights to ask and the company was obliged to answer. Questions on the profitability of the company, cash receipt, fairness of the values of the assets and liabilities in the balance and so on were raised, which the company refused to answer during the period of controversy. One of the critical issues that were seen in the controversy created by Noble Group is the lack of fair disclosure of the annual report. The reports of Noble Group depict severe distortion and manipulation of the financial and the annual reports of the company. The reports represent and untrue representation of the companys state of affairs and operations. The company presented a positive cash flow but did not provide adequate disclosures, which could highlight the fair disclosures of the companys records. The positive cash flow statement did not provide information about the short hedges contribution to the cash generation despite the fall in prices of the commodities. This was an alarming sign when it came to disclosure policies and statements (Bonnerjee and Ghosh 2014). From the Iceberg report it was very evident that the company was heavily indulging in manipulation of accounting standards and exploiting accounting loopholes. This was one of the major loopholes that the company committed, which gave rise to the controversy. Yancoal is an Australian coal mine company. Noble Group listed the Yancoal as the associate of the company. The company depicted a carrying value of $678 million in its annual report in 2013 and depicted $614 after considering the losses and impairment of the company. The company only held 13% stake in the company (Hall 2015). It however, transpired that the market value of Yancoal was $11 million. This was a gap of almost $603 million between market value and carrying value. This highlighted 55% overstatement of the value of Yancoal, which was relating to the 13 % stake of the company. It was 7 times more than the market cap of Yancoal. This was relating to the 13% stake of the company in Yancoal. It was inferred that a company needed to hold more than 20% and less than 50% stake in a company to be termed as an associate (Salter 2015). Thus, Yancoal would be termed as a long term investment instead of an associate. Noble Group retaliated with a justification that Yancoal was an associate and not a long term investment. There were however no justification of this fact and it was determined that it was a tricky prospect that Noble Group manipulated with in order to distort the accounting standards and principles. The associate of Yancoal was Yanzou. It can be seen that the only reason that the company held Yancoal as an associate in the annual records and statement was to write off the $603m loss. It can be seen that a long term investment needs to record and maintain values as per fair values and the current market values. The accounting standards depict the fact that values of the associates are recorded at carrying value and historical cost and no thrust on market values is given. The current standards o f Accounting Standard Boards and International Financial Reporting Standards have underlined the different standards and accounting principles. The company misused and exploited loopholes in accounting treatments and manipulated with accounting standards and principles (Chen 2014). The company failed to observe appropriate disclosure policies and did not indulge in fair disclosure of annual reports and financial statements. It can be seen that the company recorded a $100m for loss of control of subsidiary. This profit was recorded in the operating income of the company. The non recurring profit of the company was also recorded in the operating income of the company. This fabrication of the information was also recorded because the cash generation and the profitability of the companys income were not conforming to the economic reality and were distorted figures. Therefore, one could see the companys failure to adopt fair accounting practices, the companys failure to adopt disclosure policies and fair disclosure of the financial statements and the inability of the Board Of directors to observe the principles of corporate governance (Chen 2014). The companys policy of creating fictitious associates was visible in the case of PT Atlas as well. The company held 10% share in the company and tagged the company as an associate in the annual reports. Before becoming an associate, PT Atlas was used as a trading against financial asset. Later on, the company became an associate for Noble Group. A profit was registered on re-measurement gain on interest of $25.5 m. This was against the accounting policies and standards and it inflated the annual statements and books of accounts for the company. Noble Group has been constantly indulging in avoiding impairment and manipulating gain with the creation of associates. The company has been criticized on the grounds of corporate governance policies of honesty and integrity. It can be viewed that the companys management has been involved in scandals and controversial episodes relating to the operation of the company. Agri, which became the associate of the company in 2014, was recovered through controversial methods of depreciation cuts etc. Thus, one can see the lack of responsibility and authority of the managers in maintaining honesty and integrity in their duties, which was a sign of lack of corporate governance existing within the company and scrupulous methods followed in the company (Aoki, 2013). The company follows the policy of recognizing the profit from the contracts on the day the contract signed. The auditors opinion explains the scope of how manipulation of the commodities contract price is manipulated and with the lack of disclosure policies observed by the company, the company does not shed enough light on the fair values of the commodities (Tricker 2015). The companys profit surged with a decline in the operating cash flow. On comparing the operating cash flow and the working capital, it can be seen that the company inflated the fair value by $3.8 billion and it signaled towards impairment of the fair value, which was critical to record a fair and true representation of the annual and financial statement of the company. The company failed to adopt appropriate disclosure policies of the company and also failed to implement fair disclosure of the financial statements and annual reports. The inflation of the profits and the valuation of the companys assets and commodities reflect manipulation and exploitation of the accounting standards and techniques. It reflects the manipulation and dishonest means adopted by the board of directors to escalate the profit and reflect an untrue image of the company (Claessens and Yurtoglu 2013). The operational activity was not reflecting the real image and did not depict a true image of the company. The net profit and the operational cash flow were a major report to the stakeholders and thus, the misrepresentation was a major fraudulent activity discharged to stakeholders (Claessens and Yurtoglu 2013). The company adopted the policy of rebuttals and retaliations towards critics and launched a series of rebuttal questions to the critics and decided to sue them. They were incapable to observe the transparency and the accountability principle of corporate governance. The company defended itself on the lines that they did not have much access to commodity prices in the market due to the fact that they were asset light and it led them to develop market to market on the assets and thus, it deprived the company of fair values. However, such defensive statements were rendered to be baseless (Tricker 2015). List of recommendations There should be a strong and independent group of board of directors that can take firm and critical decisions in an honest and correct way to overcome the loopholes and major errors committed by the former board of directors. The board of directors should be such that they can provide appropriate balance and diversity to the company and lend necessary knowledge and skills to the company. The company needs to adopt better disclosure policies and needs strong regulating body in terms of corporate governance to make sure that the company follows all the rules and regulations and the current accounting standards and policies of the International Financial Reporting standards are followed. This will lead the company into adopting appropriate disclosure policies and standards, which will result fair representation of annual and financial reports. The stakeholders management theory is required to be followed, which requires the company to keep the stakeholders satisfied and answer the questions of the stakeholders. The loopholes of accounting treatments and practices need to be followed and implemented. The fair value through market value and current value of the commodities and assets need to be followed. This will enhance the fairness of the annual report and will therefore, lead to fair and true representation. The non executive directors should handle challenges and assist in providing proposals to strategies. The performance of the management needs to be reviewed and assessed from time to time to audit the management activities. The annual remuneration report should depict the employee share scheme so that shareholders can assess the cost and benefit to the company. The transparency policy needs to be followed, which makes it obligatory of the company to discuss every information including the name of employees who family members of directors and CEO. Conclusion The report depicts the massive scandal and controversy created by the company. Nobel Group. The scandal depicts the indifferent schemes and manipulative tactics adopted by the company to overstate the assets. The report depicts the measures adopted by the company in escalating asset prices of associates. The report depicts the exploitation of accounting standards adopted by the company and also depicts the lack of honesty and integrity of the management. The companys failure to adopt appropriate and correct disclosure methods is another important feature in this report. Reference List Amini, S., Lei, L. and Toms, S., 2016. Accessing Capital Markets: Aristocrats and New Share Issues in the Cycle and Pneumatic Tyre Industries, 1892-1898.Available at SSRN 2769908. Aoki, M., 2013. 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